Varicocele

Blood is carried back from the testes to the heart by veins. The veins have valves to prevent blood from flowing in the wrong direction. When the valves fail to work correctly, blood flows downwards into the scrotal area, increasing the pressure in the veins of the testes. These veins become big and can be felt “like a bag of worms”. This is called a varicocele. This increased pressure in the veins can cause pain of a dragging kind, increased by strenuous work or exercise. In some patients, varicoceles can cause infertility by reducing the sperm count.

1.What are the symptoms of a Varicocele?
Varicoceles usually don’t have any symptoms. However, some of the signs are :

  • Dull ache in the testicles or aching in your scrotum. Lying down often relieves pain.
  • Shrinking of the affected testicle
  • Infertility
  • If a varicocele is large enough, a mass like a “bag of worms” may be visible above the testicle. A smaller varicocele may be noticeable by touch.


2. How is Varicocele diagnosed?

A doctor will perform a physical examination, review your medical history, ask questions about your symptoms and perform a physical examination. They may also order the tests to confirm their diagnosis.

3. What are the treatments for Varicocele?

Treatments include medicines, surgery and other procedures. The right option depends on things such as:

  • Your symptoms.
  • The size of the Varicoceles

If you have a higher-grade varicocele and don’t get treatment, it can permanently damage your testicles.

Nonsurgical Treatment for Varicocele

Varicocele Embolisation

The treatment of varicocele is to remove the dilated veins. Varicocele embolisation, a minimally invasive interventional radiology procedure, is now available. It can block and shrink these veins easily through a tiny “pinhole” in the groin or the neck.

The Procedure

  • Varicocele Embolisation is a minimally invasive procedure in which a small catheter (tube) is inserted into a leg vein near the hip or neck vein through a tiny skin incision.
  • This tube is guided, using X-ray equipment, into position down the vein (testicular vein), which takes blood away from the testis.
  • The interventional radiologist will block this vein, usually by inserting small metal coils that stop the backflow, or pressure, in the varicocele. Blood can still exit the testicle through other normal pathways.

Benefits of Varicocele Embolisation include:

  • Performed under local anaesthetic
  • No incision to heal or stitches to be removed
  • Day Care Procedure


An examination by our experts will determine whether or not you are a suitable candidate for the procedure.

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An alumnus of the Harvard-MIT Program in Health Sciences and Technology (HST) with deep expertise in Molecular Oncology, Dr. Mama has worked at premier global oncology medical institutions. With a career marked by remarkable dedication, Dr. Mama has a legacy of compassion and accessibility in cancer care. 

Seeing the acute lack of awareness amongst patients in navigating cancer treatment and access to affordable medical services, he returned to India with a commitment to give back to the community by sharing his expertise and addressing the challenges faced by cancer patients in India. He began this journey by pro bono helping over 35,000 patients diagnosed with Cancer navigate the challenges of Cancer treatment.

Identifying critical gaps in cancer care and examining solutions across India’s cancer care ecosystem through multi-stakeholder collaboration, Dr. Mama develops practical solutions for reshaping how cancer patients are treated and improving efficiencies in cancer care. 

An investor in several healthcare companies in the USA and Europe, he is also a mentor for start-ups at Oxford University.

He founded C3 Medicare, a medical daycare centre to build capacities in Cancer Navigation and Cancer Care services and leverage the power of  Interventional Radiology to provide affordable minimally invasive image-guided diagnosis and treatment using the least invasive techniques available.

Dr. Mary Mandapathil is the Director of Clinical Services and Consultant Anaesthesiologist at C3 Medicare. She completed her M.D. (Anaesthesiology) from Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, in 2010 and PG Diploma in Hospital and Healthcare Management from Symbiosis Institute.

She worked as a Specialist at Lakeshore Hospital, Kochi and subsequently as a Consultant in the Department of Anaesthesiology at Sir HN Reliance Foundation Hospital and later as a Consultant at Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital, Mumbai. She has been a speaker at numerous conferences and is AHA-certified in BLS, ACLS and PALS.

Dr Mukul Mutatkar has been a consultant in Interventional Radiology in Imaging and vascular for three decades.

A graduate of the Armed Forces Medical College (AFMC) and a  B.J Medical College(BJMC) postgraduate, he underwent training in MRI and CT in the USA, Germany, Japan, and Australia.  He has also trained in the UK and France with short sessions in Trivandrum and Japan for Interventional Radiology.

He is one of the founders, directors, and consultants of the successful OMEGA MRI Centre and the PDS CT Scan Centre in Pune.

Dr Sainani, a renowned medical oncologist who has been practising since 2002 at various hospitals in Mumbai, graduated from MBBS at Lady Harding Medical College Delhi and completed her MD at INHS Asvini Hospital Mumbai in 1997. nAfter a fellowship in Haematology at B J Wadia Children’s Hospital, she trained in oncology at the renowned Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai’s major cancer referral centre.

She trained at Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia’s Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, and today provides stem cell transplant expertise to centres at Jaslok Hospital and Sir HN Reliance Foundation Hospital.

A member of the European Society for Medical Oncology(ESMO), Indian Society of Medical and Paediatric Oncology ( ISMPO), Indian Cooperative Oncology Network( ICON), ImmunoOncology Society of India (IOSI), Mumbai Haematology  Group( MHG).

She has been a part of many clinical research trials and has publications in national and international journals.

Dr Murarka, a highly experienced surgical oncologist with an impressive 40-year career, completed his post-graduation at the renowned Tata Memorial Hospital in Mumbai. He further honed his skills through training at the prestigious Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Centre in New York & St. Mark’s Academic Institute, U.K., solidifying his position as a leading expert.

Dr. Murarka is a specialist in Surgical Oncology and a Consultant at various hospitals, including Saifee Hospital, Raheja Hospital, Nanavati Hospital, Sushruta Hospital, and Ramakrishna Mission Hospital.

Dr Murarka has worked at the top hospitals in the city and country, including Lilavati Hospital, Hinduja, S.L. Raheja (Fortis), and Breach Candy.

Dr. Murarka has published several papers in India and abroad and is a member of several prestigious medical associations.

Dr Pant, an Interventional Radiologist specialising in vascular and non-vascular IR for the past two decades, is an alumnus of Armed Forces Medical College, Pune. He further trained in Interventional Radiology for both Peripheral and Neuro-Intervention at the Bombay Hospital and Institute of Medical Sciences, Mumbai.

He was the Director of Imaging and Radiology and Consultant in Interventional Radiology at the Department of Radiology & Imaging at Sir H. N. Reliance Foundation Hospital and Research Centre.

Dr Pant has expertise in various interventional procedures, such as Intracranial Aneurysm therapy, Stroke Intervention, Portal Hypertension, and Endovascular Repair of Abdominal and thoracic Aortic Aneurysms. He has experience in the interventional treatment of liver cancer by TACE and RFA.

He has been awarded the Vishisth Seva medal by the President of India and a commendation by the GOC-in- C southern Command.

An academician for over two decades, Dr. Pant has been a postgraduate teacher under MUHS, Nasik, and an examiner at the Interventional Radiology fellowship and DNB (radiology). He has been a professor (Radio diagnosis) at MUHS, Nasik, since 2010. He is also a member of the Executive Council and was the past Vice President of the Indian Society of Vascular and Interventional Radiology. He has published 18 papers and presented his work at many conferences.